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Khutba Eid Ul Fitr: A Reflection on the Quran and the Sunnah



When we reached the musalla, there was a pulpit made by Kathir bin As-Salt. Marwan wanted to get up on that pulpit before the prayer. I got hold of his clothes but he pulled them and ascended the pulpit and delivered the Khutba before the prayer. I said to him, "By Allah, you have changed (the Prophet's tradition)." He replied, "O Abu Sa'id! Gone is that which you know." I said, "By Allah! What I know is better than what I do not know." Marwan said, "People do not sit to listen to our khutba after the prayer, so I delivered the khutbah before the prayer."


'Ata (radiallahu 'anhu) said, "Jabir bin 'Abdullah said, 'The Prophet went out on the Day of 'Id-ul-Fitr and offered the prayer before delivering the khutba. 'Ata told me that during the early days of Ibn Az-Zubair, Ibn Abbas had sent a message to him telling him that the Adhan for the 'Id Prayer was never pronounced (in the life time of Allah's Messenger) and the khutbah used to be delivered after the prayer. 'Ata told me that Ibn Abbas and Jabir bin 'Abdullah, had said there was no Adhan for the prayer of 'Id-ul-Fitr and 'Id-ul-Aqha.' 'Ata said, "I heard Jabir bin 'Abdullah saying, 'The Prophet stood up and started with the prayer, and after it he delivered the khutbah. When the Prophet of Allah (sallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam) finished (the khutbah), he went to the women and preached to them, while he was leaning on Bilal's hand. Bilal was spreading his garment and the ladies were putting alms in it.'" I said to Ata, "Do you think it incumbent upon an Imam to go to the women and preach to them after finishing the prayer and Khutba?" 'Ata' said, "No doubt it is incumbent on Imaams to do so, and why should they not do so?"




Khutba Eid Ul Fitr



How to perform Eid khutbah? To perform Eid khutbah you should first prepare for it, choose the topic you want to discuss, and choose an easy and relevant topic for Eid. Then at the khutbah greet the people and recite the Takbeer then start with the khutbah.


As we are now familiar with what is referred to as Social Amelioration Program, we have to note that Islam has already provided even long time ago its own version of SAP that should be given whether there is plague or pandemic or not. We refer to the principles of Sadaqatu l-fitr (charity for Eidu l-fitr) including particularly Zakah (annual obligatory charity) as our way in reaching out especially the downtrodden, the poor, and the helpless, with which we share part of our wealth to them. And this should be done not only during crisis but must be done regularly in the life of every Muslim.


It suggests that therapeutic and medical function of fasting, while important, is simply incidental into the formation of human being who is righteous, pious, and who is a believer. The logic is that, when a person develops piety while improving himself, then that would benefit him not only in this world but, most importantly, in the life to come. Hence, there is even more reason for us to be joyful now that we have Eid al-fitr.


The point is, Eid al-fitr is an extension of the bounty of Ramadan and that believers who have successfully performed their sawm or fasting are given this day a reason for them to be joyful even as they have to continuously engage with their tashbi, with their tahlil, with their takbir and so on and so forth.


Q: What is the method of reciting the takbeers (i.e Allahu akbar Allahu akbar, laa ilaaha illallaahu wallaahu akbar, Allahu akbar wa lillaahil hamd) in the two Eid khutbahs of Eidul fitr and Eidul adhaa? (Like how many times in both the khutbahs and when and where in the khutbahs, at which spots etc?)


A: The mustahab number is nine takbeers in the first khutbah and seven takbeers in the second khutbah. They will be recited in the beginning of the khutbahs. It is also mustahab to recite the takbeer 14 times before climbing down the mimbar.


- Beginning of the Ashur-ul-Hajj- Eid-ul-fitr- The Night Preceding 'Eid-ul-Fitr'- Before Going to Eid Prayer- Sadaqat-ul-fitr- The 'Eid Prayer- How to Perform Eid Prayer- Khutbah: TheAddress of 'Eid-ul-fitr- Six Fasts in the Month ofShawwal


The second meritorious aspect of Shawwal is that it has been chosen by Allah Almightyfor the celebration of "Eid-ul-fitr", one of the only two annual festivalsrecognized by the Shari'ah. This happy day is designed by the Shari'ah as a sign ofgratefulness by the Muslims on the accomplishment of Ramadan, and as an immediate rewardby Allah for those who spent the month of Ramadan in fasting and performing other forms of'ibadah.


In contrast, Islam has prescribed a simple yet graceful way to observe the happy day.First of all, it is mandatory on all the well-off Muslims to start their day by paying "Sadaqat-ul-fitr"to the poor of their society, so that they, too, may enjoy the day along with others,and may not be worried for earning their livelihood at least on that day of happiness.


After paying the "Sadaqat-ul-fitr", the Muslims are required toproceed to an open place where they can offer the Eid prayer collectively. In thisway, they are supposed to present themselves before their Creator and offer two rak'atsof this special type of Salah, which makes them receive blessings from Allahand start their celebration by these divine blessings.


It had been the practice of the Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, that he wouldnot sleep in the night preceding the day of Eid-ul-fitr. This night has been namedin a Hadith as the Night of Reward (Lailatul Jaiza). Almighty bestows his rewards on thosewho have spent the month of Ramadan abiding by the dictates of Shari'ah, and all theirprayers in this night are accepted. Therefore, it is desirable to perform nafl prayersin this night. The Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, is reported to have said: Whoever stands up (in worship) in the nights preceding the two Eids expecting rewards from his Lord, his heart will not die when the other hearts will die. (Ibn Majah)


Sadaqat-ul-fitr is an obligation for every Muslim, male or female, who owns 613.35grams of silver or its equivalent, either in the form of money, ornaments, stock-in-trade,or in the form of some goods or commodities beyond one's normal needs. Every person whoowns such an amount has to pay Sadaqat-ul-fitr, not only on behalf of himself butalso on behalf of his minor children. The prescribed amount of Sadaqat-ul-fitr is1.75 Kilograms of wheat or its value in money. This amount is prescribed for payingSadaqat-ul-fitr for one person only. If a person has some minor children, the sameamount has to be paid on behalf of each one of them separately. The following points mustbe remembered concerning the payment of Sadaqat-ul-fitr. 1. Sadaqat-ul-fitr is obligated on each adult male or female separately, and the relevant adult person himself is responsible to pay it. The husband is not required to pay Sadaqat-ul-fitr on behalf of his wife nor is the wife supposed to pay it on behalf of her husband. Similarly, a father is not bound to pay Sadaqat-ul-fitr on behalf of his adult children or vice-versa. However, if the head of the family, by his own free will, wishes to pay Sadaqat-ul-fitr for each one of the members of his family, he should seek their authorization for that purpose. In this case the Sadaqat-ul-fitr paid by him will be valid on their behalf. If he did not pay the Sadaqat-ul-fitr on behalf of any of the members of his family, he will not be responsible for it. Rather, it is the duty of every adult member of the family to discharge his own obligation or to request the head of the family to pay it on his or her behalf.


2. It is a Sunnah that the Sadaqat-ul-fitr is paid before performing the 'Eid prayer. It can also be paid before the 'Eid day, but it is not advisable to delay it up to the performance of'Eid prayer. However, if a person has failed to pay on its proper time, he should pay it as soon as possible, whereby the obligation will stand discharged.


3. The Sadaqat-ul-fitr is not necessary on behalf of a child who was born after the break of dawn in the 'Eid day, nor is it necessary to pay Sadaqat-ul-fitr on behalf of a person who dies before the dawn of the Eid day.


"He means that this (performing the prayer before the khutbah) was the sunnah of Allaah's Messenger (saws), and the practice of the Righteous Khulafaa' (Successors, ra) after him. The change that came later (switching the khutbah and the prayer) is an innovation done by Marwaan[53]." [54]


The people followed this tradition until I went out with Marwaan, when he was the ameer (ruler) of al-Madeenah, for the prayer of `Eid ul-Adha or `Eid ul-Fitr. When he reached the musallaa, I found a minbar (raised steps to address people from), which was built by Katheer Bin as-Salt. Marwaan started to mount the minbar before the prayer. I grabbed his shirt, but he yanked it back, ascended the minbar, and delivered the khutbah before the prayer. I said to him, 'By Allaah, you have changed (the sunnah).' He replied, 'O Abu Sa`eed, that which you know is gone!' I said, 'By Allaah, that which I know is better than that which I do not.' So he explained, 'People would not sit to listen when it was after the prayer, so I made it before it.' "[55]


"This is the acceptable practice among the people of knowledge among the Prophet's (saws) companions and others: that the `Eid prayer should precede the khutbah. It is reported that the first one to offer the khutbah before the prayer was Marwaan Bin al-Hakam."[56]


"The hadeeth reported from Sa`d ul-Qarz that, "The Prophet (saws) would say Takbeer often during his khutbah, and he said it more often during the `Eid khutbahs." - is a weak hadeeth[57]. Besides, it does not indicate starting the khutbah with Takbeer, but only that he used to say it frequently during it."[58] 2ff7e9595c


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